SWMM - Nodes - Storage

Storage units (reservoirs) are drainage system nodes that provide storage volume.

Physically, they can represent storage facilities as small as a Catchment or as large as a lake.

The volumetric properties of a storage unit are described by a function or table of surface area versus height.

In addition to receiving inflows and discharging outflows to other nodes in the Drainage Network, storage nodes can also lose water through surface evaporation and infiltration into the native soil.

In addition to the SWMM node properties, storage units also have the following properties:

• Loss of Infiltration
  • Hydraulic Conductivity (Condutivity, Double) - Hydraulic Conductivity for fully saturated soil
  • Initial Deficit (InitialDeficity, Double) - Fraction of soil volume that is initially dry
  • Suction Potential (SuctionHead, Double) - Mean capillary suction value of the soil along the wetting front
• SWMM
  • Bottom Elevation (InvertElevation, Double) - Elevation of the bottom of the node (radier elevation)
    It must be associated with the property of the constructor that manages the device's Sump Elevation, for example:
    
    
  • Evaporation Fraction (EvapFraction, Double) - The fraction of potential evaporation from surface water from the storage unit that is actually realized
  • Initial Depth (InitDepth, Double) - Initial depth of water in the storage unit at the start of the simulation
  • Maximum Depth (MaxDepth, Double) - Maximum depth of the storage unit
  • Surcharge Depth (SurchargeDepth, Double) - Additional water depth beyond the maximum allowable depth before the junction floods
• Storage Type
  • Storage Type (StorageTypeFunc, StorageTypeFunc) - Method for describing how the surface area of the storage unit varies with water depth
    It can be of two types:
    1. Tabular - Describes the surface area of the storage unit varying with depth in a curve
       • Storage Curve (StorageCurve, ObjectId) - Name of the storage curve that contains the relationship between surface area and storage depth
    2. Functional - Describes the surface area of the storage unit varying with water depth by the relationship: Area = A * Depth ^ B + C
       • Coefficient (FuncCoef, Double) - A value in the functional relationship between surface area and storage depth
       • Constant (FuncConstant, Double) - C value in the functional relationship between surface area and storage depth
       • Exponent (FuncExponent, Double) - B value in the functional relationship between surface area and storage depth
    3. Cylindrical - The storage unit has vertical sides and an elliptical base
       • Major Axis Length (MajorAxisLength, Double) - length of the base's major axis
       • Minor Axis Length (MinorAxisLength, Double) - width of the base's minor axis
       
       The surface area equation is:
       Area = (π / 4) * ( MajorAxisLength * MinorAxisLength )
       Conical - The storage unit is shaped like a truncated elliptical cone

       • Major Axis (BaseMajorAxisLength, Double) - Length of the base's major axis
       • Minor Axis (BaseMinorAxisLength, Double) - Length of the base's minor axis
       • Side Slope (SideSlope, Double) - Slope of the side walls (width/height)

       
       The surface area equation is:
       
       Area = π * ( BaseMajorAxisLength * BaseMinorAxisLength / 4 + BaseMinorAxisLength * SideSlope * Depth + (BaseMinorAxisLength / BaseMajorAxisLength) * (SideSlope * Depth)^2 )
       Parabolic - The storage unit is shaped like an elliptic paraboloid

       • Major Axis Length (MajorAxisLength, Double) - Length of the base's major axis
       • Minor Axis Length (MinorAxisLength, Double) - Width of the base's minor axis
       • Section Height (SurfaceAxisHeight, Double) - Height of the section

       
       The surface area equation is:
       
       Area = (π / 4) * ( MajorAxisLength * MinorAxisLength / SurfaceAxisHeight) * Depth
       Pyramidal - This applies to storage units shaped like a truncated rectangular pyramid or a rectangular box.

       • Base Length (BaseLength, Double) - Length of the section's base
       • Base Width (BaseWidth, Double) - Width of the section's base
       • Side Wall Slope (SideWallSlope, Double) - Side slope (rise/run) of a vertical slice taken along the major axis

       
       The surface area equation is:
       
       Area = MajorAxisLength * BaseWidth + 2 * (MajorAxisLength + BaseWidth) * SideWallSlope * Depth + (2 * SideWallSlope * Depth)^2

Note: Read-only properties are intrinsic properties of the device, so the type change has to be done in Constructor.

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